遵循良好的学术写作习惯有助于你树立好的学术信誉。还会帮你在大学里取得更好的成绩，对研究持有批判性的态度会让你更有信心从事研究工作。通过准确的引用你的资料来源，也可以帮助你的读者扩展他们的学科知识，通过了解你的研究依据，可以对你的研究有更深入的理解.

1. 正确引用

引用是指在你的论文中完全的使用其他作者的语句。你应该用单引号将引用的文本括起来，如下所示。引用文字超过两行的，引号应该缩进。

• 引用原始资料

Callister explains that materials science involves investigating the relationships that exist between the structures and properties of materials. In contrast, materials engineering involves, on the basis of these structure–property correlations, designing or engineering the structure of a material to produce a predetermined set of properties.

Source: Callister, W.D. (2014) Materials Science and Engineering, 9th ed. Hoboken, Wiley.

正确的引用有助于支持你的观点，可以加强你的观点，而且方便你提出新的观点。

当然，引用并不意味着你将复制粘贴的大段文字，加上引号，然后提交作业就好了。作为你的导师，他们更想了解的是你自己的观点、理论和论点而不是别人的，所以不会因为你引用的多而给你加分。

2. 改写

改写就是当你读了一篇文章时，你用自己的话将原文进行改写，但是保留了原文的主要思想。改写意味着你已经了解了资料来源的学术背景，并且可以用来支持你的学术观点。可以看一下改写的例子。

• 原文

Airplanes are by no means the only application of aerodynamics. The air flow over an automobile, the gas flow through the internal combustion engine powering an automobile, weather and storm prediction, the flow through a windmill, the production of thrust by gas turbine jet engines and rocket engines, and the movement of air through building heater and air-conditioning systems are just a few other examples of the application of aerodynamics.

Source: Anderson, J. (2011) Fundamentals of Aerodynamics. 5th ed. New York, McGraw Hill

• 改写

As described by Anderson (2011), the study of aerodynamics is not just applicable to aviation. Other applications include: automobiles (air flow over the vehicle, gas flow through the engine), weather prediction, thrust in gas turbine jet engines and rocket engines, air flow in HVAC systems.

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文章来源：https://www.imperial.ac.uk/admin-services/library/learning-support/plagiarism-awareness/for-undergraduates/skills-to-avoid-plagiarism/